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The mass of a solid of variable density \( \rho(x,y,z) \) is

  • A.\( \displaystyle\iiint \rho\,dV \)
  • B.\( \rho \displaystyle\iiint dV \)
  • C.\( \displaystyle\iiint \rho^{2}\,dV \)
  • D.\( \displaystyle\iiint \frac{dV}{\rho} \)

Answer: A

Each element carries mass \( \rho\,dV \), and summing gives

\[ m \;=\; \iiint \rho(x,y,z)\,dV. \]

Taking \( \rho \) outside the integral is valid only for a uniform solid; for a variable density it must stay inside, which is the whole reason the integral is needed rather than a product

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