Discussion
Which one of the following mutagens can add alkyl group to guanine resulting in direct mispairing with thymine ?
Answer: D
The mutagen is EMS (ethyl methanesulfonate).
EMS is an alkylating agent. It adds an ethyl group to the O6 position of guanine, and O6-ethylguanine pairs with thymine instead of cytosine. After replication this gives a G:C to A:T transition, which is why EMS is widely used to induce point mutations.
5-Bromouracil is a base analogue of thymine, UV rays form pyrimidine dimers, and acridine orange intercalates between bases and causes frameshifts. None of them alkylates guanine.
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