Discussion
The process of conversion of soil nitrates (\(NO^{-3}\)) into gaseous nitrogen or \(N_{2}O\) by bacteria is known as
Answer: A
The process is denitrification.
In denitrification, anaerobic bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus denitrificans use nitrate in place of oxygen and reduce it, through nitrite, to gaseous nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrogen (N2), which escape to the atmosphere. It is the step that returns fixed nitrogen to the air, and it is common in waterlogged soils.
Ammonification is the release of ammonia from decaying organic matter, and nitrification is the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and nitrate by bacteria such as Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter, the opposite direction.
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