Discussion
What is the spin quantum number of the hydrogen-1 nucleus?
Answer: B
The proton has I = 1/2, so it takes 2I + 1 = 2 orientations in a magnetic field and gives a single sharp transition. Spin-half nuclei have no electric quadrupole moment, so they are not broadened by the electric field gradients around them, and that is the second reason hydrogen-1, carbon-13, fluorine-19 and phosphorus-31 dominate routine work. Nuclei with I = 1 such as deuterium, or I = 3/2 such as chlorine-35, are quadrupolar and give broad lines. A spin of zero would give no signal at all.
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