Discussion
Why are modern high field NMR magnets superconducting?
Answer: C
A superconducting solenoid carries a persistent current in a closed loop, so it sustains fields of 9 to 23 tesla indefinitely with no power supply and with exceptional stability. Electromagnets drift and dissipate heat, and permanent magnets cannot approach these fields. They are far from cheap, they are not switched off between samples but left energised for years, and they still need shim coils because no winding is homogeneous enough on its own. Field stability is the property that matters most, since a drift of a few parts per billion would smear the spectrum.
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