Discussion
What do the shim coils on a spectrometer do?
Answer: A
Shim coils are small electromagnets that trim out the residual variation of field across the sample volume, and getting them right is the difference between a sharp line and a broad or misshapen one. Even the best solenoid is homogeneous only to a part in a million over the active volume, whereas a good spectrum needs a part in a billion. The transmitter coil supplies the pulse, the receiver coil detects the signal, and a separate air flow controls temperature. A distorted lineshape is nearly always a shimming problem before it is a chemistry problem.
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