Discussion
A signal is 1200 Hz from TMS on a 400 MHz spectrometer. What is its chemical shift?
Answer: C
Chemical shift is the offset in hertz divided by the operating frequency in megahertz:
\[ \delta = \tfrac{1200}{400} = 3.0 \]
giving 3.0 ppm, which is the region of protons next to a carbonyl or an amine. The same nucleus on a 600 MHz machine would be 1800 Hz from TMS and still 3.0 ppm. Converting confidently in both directions is needed whenever a coupling constant has to be extracted from a spectrum plotted on a ppm axis.
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