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What does the Karplus relation describe?

  • A.Line width as a function of exchange rate
  • B.Vicinal coupling as a function of dihedral angle
  • C.Chemical shift as a function of electronegativity
  • D.Relaxation time as a function of molecular size

Answer: B

The Karplus relation gives the three bond coupling constant as a cosine function of the dihedral angle between the two coupled protons, with maxima near zero and one hundred and eighty degrees and a minimum near ninety. It is the basis for deducing ring conformation and peptide backbone geometry from coupling constants. Electronegativity affects shifts, molecular size affects relaxation through the correlation time, and exchange affects linewidth, but none of those is Karplus. It is the clearest case of NMR yielding geometry rather than just connectivity.

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