Discussion
Why are ordinary carbon-13 spectra not integrated for quantitative work?
Answer: C
Two effects spoil it: carbon relaxation times vary from under a second to well over a minute, so a short repetition time saturates the slow ones, and broadband proton decoupling enhances protonated carbons more than quaternary ones through the nuclear Overhauser effect. The result is that peak areas do not track carbon counts. Quantitative carbon work uses inverse gated decoupling and a long relaxation delay, often with a paramagnetic relaxation agent. Weakness of signal is a nuisance rather than the reason, and decoupling removes splitting, not area.
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