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Which noise mechanism dominates at very low frequencies in semiconductors?

  • A.Shot noise
  • B.Partition noise
  • C.Flicker noise
  • D.Thermal noise

Answer: C

Flicker noise, with a spectral density falling roughly as one over frequency, dominates below a corner that may be anywhere from hertz to kilohertz depending on the device. Thermal and shot noise are essentially flat and take over above that corner. And partition noise occurs where current divides between electrodes. Knowing where each mechanism dominates tells a designer which device parameter to optimise for a given application. The parameter that varies and the parameter that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.

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