Discussion
Assertion (A): A reaction with a large adiabatic temperature rise is usually run diluted or with heat removal.
Reason (R): The rise at full conversion would otherwise take the mixture far beyond any safe temperature.
Answer: A
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the reason gives the magnitude of the danger. The adiabatic temperature rise is \[ \Delta T_{ad} = \frac{(-\Delta H_r)C_{A0}}{\rho c_p}, \] and for many industrial reactions it runs to hundreds of degrees - enough to decompose the product, boil the solvent or burst the vessel. Diluting the feed raises the denominator and cooling removes the heat, and the two are the standard responses.
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