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Assertion (A): A CSTR can have three steady states, of which the middle one is unstable.
Reason (R): At the middle intersection a small rise in temperature increases generation faster than removal.

  • A.Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • B.A is true but R is false
  • C.A is false but R is true
  • D.Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Answer: D

Both are true and the reason gives the instability criterion: the system runs away to the upper state or falls back to the lower one, and only feedback control can hold it between. The outer two states are both stable.

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