Discussion
A nozzle of exit area \( 0.5 \ \mathrm{m^2} \) has an exit pressure of \( 120 \ \mathrm{kPa} \) against an ambient of \( 101 \ \mathrm{kPa} \). The pressure thrust is
Answer: C
Correct answer: 9.5 kN
The pressure thrust is the excess of exit over ambient pressure acting on the exit area:
\[ F_p = (p_e - p_a)A_e = (120 - 101)\times10^3 \times 0.5 = 9500 \text{ N} = 9.5 \text{ kN} \]This term appears when the nozzle is choked and the flow leaves under-expanded, the remaining expansion taking place outside in the free jet. The 19 kN answer omits the area, and 60 kN uses the exit pressure rather than the difference.
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