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Discussion

The solute effect described by Raoult's law lowers the equilibrium vapour pressure because

  • A.dissolved ions occupy part of the droplet surface
  • B.the solution has a higher surface tension than pure water
  • C.the dissolved salt raises the temperature of the droplet
  • D.the solution is denser and therefore evaporates faster

Answer: A

Fewer water molecules are present at the surface to escape, so the equilibrium vapour pressure falls in proportion to the mole fraction of water. The effect opposes curvature and is strongest when the droplet is small.

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