Discussion
Which one of the following organic compounds is composed of only (i) a nitrogen containing base, (ii) a single five-carbon sugar, and (iii) a triphosphate?
Answer: B
The compound is a nucleotide.
A nucleotide is a nitrogenous base joined to a pentose sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) that carries one or more phosphate groups on its 5′ carbon. A nucleoside triphosphate such as ATP or dGTP, one base, one five-carbon sugar and a triphosphate, is therefore a nucleotide.
A nucleoside is only the base and the sugar, with no phosphate. 'Base' names just the nitrogenous ring. A nucleic acid is a polymer of many nucleotides joined by phosphodiester bonds, so it contains many sugars, not a single one.
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