Discussion
Assertion (A): A protein made in the cytosol can accumulate to high concentration inside the nucleus.
Reason (R): Nuclear import is an active process that can work against a concentration gradient.
Answer: D
Both are true and the reason gives the mechanism: energy from the Ran GTPase system drives directional transport through the pore, so equilibrium is not what determines the final distribution. The gradient is maintained by hydrolysis rather than by simple partitioning.
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