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Ram Kumar ranked 16th from the top and 21st from the bottom in his class in an examination. If only 21 students passed the exam, how many students failed ?

  • A.15
  • B.16
  • C.19
  • D.21

Answer: A

15 students failed.

Ram Kumar is 16th from the top and 21st from the bottom, so the number of students in the class is:

\[ 16 + 21 - 1 = 36 \]

One is subtracted because Ram Kumar is counted in both rankings. With 21 passing, \(36 - 21 = 15\) failed.

Forgetting to subtract 1 gives 37 students and 16 failures, the most common distractor.

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