Discussion
To study the prevalence of a micronutrient deficiency, what study design would you choose ?
Answer: D
The right design is a cross-sectional survey.
Prevalence is the proportion of a population that has a condition at a given time. A cross-sectional survey measures exposure and outcome in a representative sample at one point in time, so it gives prevalence directly, as in national surveys of anaemia or iodine deficiency.
Longitudinal and cohort studies follow people over time to measure incidence (new cases) and risk factors, and an experiment tests the effect of an intervention. They are slower and costlier and do not answer a prevalence question better.
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