Discussion
The object-oriented programming can be seen as an attempt to enhance opportunities for code reuse be making it ease to define new abstraction as :
Answer: A
New abstractions are defined as extensions or refinements of existing ones.
Object-oriented programming promotes code reuse through inheritance: a new class (a derived class or subclass) extends an existing class with additional fields and methods, or refines it by overriding some of its methods, while reusing everything else unchanged. This is the standard description of what object orientation adds to plain data abstraction.
Independence is a property of separate modules, not a way of building one abstraction from another. Containment (holding an object of another class as a member) is composition, a different form of reuse, and 'facult containment' is not a term of object-oriented programming.
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