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What will be the output of the program?

import java.util.*;

public class Sketch45
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        List<String> plan = new ArrayList<String>(
            Arrays.asList("draft", "review", "ship"));
        ListIterator<String> steps = plan.listIterator();
        steps.next();
        steps.set("outline");
        steps.add("sketch");
        System.out.println(plan);
    }
}

  • A.[outline, review, ship]
  • B.[draft, sketch, review, ship]
  • C.A ConcurrentModificationException is thrown.
  • D.[outline, sketch, review, ship]

Answer: A

set replaces the element the iterator has just returned, so draft becomes outline. add then inserts before the implicit cursor, which sits after that element, placing sketch second. Both go through the iterator, so neither upsets it; only modifying the list directly would.

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