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Coastal upwelling occurs where the wind drives surface water

  • A.along the coast with no net transport
  • B.downwards at the shore itself
  • C.away from the coast, so deeper water rises
  • D.towards the coast, piling the water up there

Answer: C

Correct answer: away from the coast, so deeper water rises

When the wind blows so that the Ekman transport is offshore, the surface water carried away must be replaced from below, and cold nutrient-rich water rises to take its place. That is why the eastern boundary upwelling regions - off Peru, California, north-west and south-west Africa - support such productive fisheries despite lying in subtropical latitudes.

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