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Consider the following statements about the thermohaline circulation.
1. Deep water forms where surface water is both cold and saline.
2. The overturning timescale is of the order of a thousand years.
3. It is driven by the same winds as the surface gyres.

  • A.1 and 2 only
  • B.3 only
  • C.1 only
  • D.All of them

Answer: A

The first two are correct. The third confuses the two circulations, since the deep flow is driven by density and the surface flow by wind, though the two are coupled at the points where water sinks. Cold and salt together make water dense.

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