Discussion
Syzygy refers to :
Answer: C
The keyed answer is the lining of the new moon and the sun on the same side of the Earth.
Syzygy is the near-straight alignment of three celestial bodies, here the Sun, the Earth and the Moon. It happens at new moon, when the Moon lies between the Earth and the Sun (conjunction), and at full moon, when the Earth lies between them (opposition). Of the options, only C describes such an alignment; it is the new-moon case.
The Moon at right angles to the Sun-Earth line is quadrature, which gives neap tides, the opposite of syzygy. Spring and neap tides never occur together, and the Earth is not 'below' the Sun in any defined sense, so options A, B and D do not describe syzygy.
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