Discussion
Neutralisation removes \( 24 \) kg of free acid from \( 1000 \) kg of oil but the total refining loss is \( 38 \) kg. The neutral oil lost is
Answer: D
Correct answer: 14 kg
The total loss divides into the acid actually removed and the neutral oil lost with it:
\[ 38 - 24 = 14\ \mathrm{kg} \]
That 14 kg is the real cost of alkali refining. Neutral oil is lost by saponification from the excess alkali and by entrainment in the soapstock, so refining loss always exceeds the acidity by a margin - here by more than half again. Reducing it is the standing objective of refinery practice, and avoiding it altogether is the argument for physical refining.
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