Discussion
The alkali refining by-product consisting of soaps and entrained neutral oil is _____.
Answer: D
Correct answer: soapstock
Soapstock is the heavy phase separated after alkali neutralisation. It contains the soaps formed from the free fatty acids together with entrained neutral oil, some phosphatides and water.
The entrained oil is what makes it a loss rather than merely a by-product, and it is why total refining loss always exceeds the acidity removed. Soapstock is usually acidulated to recover the fatty acids for soap or feed. Producing none of it at all is the standing argument for physical refining, which strips the acids by distillation instead.
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