Discussion
Refining losses for oils of differing free fatty acid content.
| Crude FFA (per cent) | Total refining loss (per cent) | Refining factor |
|---|---|---|
| 0.6 | 1.1 | 1.83 |
| 1.2 | 2.1 | 1.75 |
| 2.4 | 4.0 | 1.67 |
| 4.8 | 7.8 | 1.63 |
What does the refining factor column indicate?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Neutral oil is lost alongside the acid
The refining factor is total loss divided by the free acid present, and every row exceeds one - 1.83, 1.75, 1.67, 1.63. More is lost than the acid accounts for, and the surplus is neutral oil, saponified by excess alkali or entrained in the soapstock.
The first and fourth options are contradicted by the loss column, which plainly rises with acidity. The second misreads the trend: the factor falls as acidity rises, since the fixed component of the loss becomes a smaller share of a larger total - but it never approaches one.
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