Discussion
Match each refining step with what it removes.
List I
A. Degumming
B. Neutralisation
C. Bleaching
D. Deodorisation
List II
1. colour bodies on an adsorbent clay
2. phosphatides that would settle in storage
3. volatile odour and flavour compounds
4. free fatty acids as a soapstock
Answer: A
Correct answer: A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
The refining sequence removes a different class of impurity at each step, in the order the processing requires. Degumming takes out the phosphatides, which would otherwise settle as a sludge in storage and interfere with the later steps. Neutralisation removes the free fatty acids as a soapstock. Bleaching adsorbs the colour bodies onto activated clay. And deodorisation strips the volatile compounds carrying odour and flavour.
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