Discussion
Wacker oxidation of alkenes is catalyzed by a combination of
Answer: A
The Wacker process uses Pd(II) and Cu(II).
Pd(II) does the chemistry: it binds the alkene, water attacks the coordinated alkene, and β-hydride elimination releases the carbonyl compound (ethylene gives acetaldehyde), leaving Pd(0). Cu(II) chloride reoxidises Pd(0) to Pd(II) and is itself reduced to Cu(I), which air (O2) turns back into Cu(II). So palladium is the catalyst and copper the co-catalyst that lets oxygen act as the final oxidant.
Cobalt and nickel play no part in the Wacker process. Cobalt carbonyls are known for hydroformylation, and nickel cannot replace copper as the redox shuttle for palladium here.
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