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What two conditions must a loop satisfy to oscillate?

  • A.Unity loop gain and zero net phase shift
  • B.Loop gain above unity and ninety degrees of phase
  • C.Positive feedback and a resonant element somewhere in the loop
  • D.A gain above one and a bandwidth wider than the frequency wanted

Answer: A

The Barkhausen criterion demands a loop gain of one in magnitude and a total phase shift around the loop of zero, or equivalently a whole number of full turns. Both must hold at the same frequency, and it is that coincidence which picks out the frequency of oscillation. Positive feedback and a resonant element are how the conditions are usually met rather than the conditions themselves, and bandwidth is a property of the amplifier. Two conditions at one frequency is the whole of oscillator theory, and every topology in this subject is an arrangement for satisfying them.

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