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Why must the loop gain exceed unity at switch-on?

  • A.The supply takes time to reach its nominal voltage
  • B.Oscillation must grow from noise to a usable amplitude
  • C.The amplifier's gain falls once the output is established
  • D.The phase condition cannot be met at low amplitudes

Answer: B

A loop gain of exactly one would sustain whatever amplitude already existed but could never build one, so a practical oscillator is designed with a loop gain somewhat above one and grows from circuit noise until something limits it. The amplifier's gain is constant until the amplitude limiting acts, the phase condition is amplitude-independent, and the supply's rise is incidental. Designing a loop to be marginally unstable, and then arranging what stops it growing, is the practical reading of the criterion.

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