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A phase shift oscillator uses \( R = 10 \ \mathrm{k\Omega} \) and \( C = 10 \ \mathrm{nF} \) in each section. Its frequency is about

  • A.1592 Hz
  • B.265 Hz
  • C.1000 Hz
  • D.650 Hz

Answer: D

The three-section network oscillates where its phase reaches one hundred and eighty degrees:

\[ f = \frac{1}{2\pi R C \sqrt{6}} \approx 650 \ \mathrm{Hz} \]

giving about 650 Hz. The value 1592 Hz omits the root six and is the Wien bridge's frequency for the same components. The root six is what distinguishes the two topologies numerically, and it comes directly from solving the three-section network's phase condition.

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