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What is the trade-off in a voltage-controlled oscillator's tuning range?

  • A.A wider range requires a higher supply voltage
  • B.A wider range needs a larger control current
  • C.A wider range costs quality factor and so phase noise
  • D.A wider range costs output amplitude at the extremes

Answer: C

Reaching a wide range means letting the varactor dominate the tank, and since it is the lossiest element the quality factor falls and the phase noise rises. Amplitude and supply are secondary, and the control draws essentially no current. A design that must cover a wide band will always be noisier than one covering a narrow one, which is why systems needing both use several oscillators rather than one.

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