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The marine isotope stage 5 problem refers to the timing of penultimate interglacial which appears to have begun 10 thousand years in advance of :

  • A.Younger Dryas
  • B.Last interglacial
  • C.Last glaciation
  • D.Solar forcing

Answer: D

The penultimate interglacial appears to begin about 10,000 years ahead of Solar forcing.

Milankovitch theory says glacial terminations are triggered by rising Northern Hemisphere summer insolation, the orbital (solar) forcing. For the last interglacial, marine isotope stage 5e, several records, notably the Devils Hole calcite record from Nevada, date the warming and the rise in sea level to about 140,000 years ago, roughly 10,000 years before the insolation peak that should have caused it. That mismatch is called the stage 5 problem.

The Younger Dryas is a cold event at the end of the last glaciation about 12,900 years ago, and the last interglacial and last glaciation are periods, not the forcing whose timing is in question.

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