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The oxygen isotope ratio in ocean sediment carbonate records mainly

  • A.the salinity of the ocean water alone
  • B.the depth of the water above it
  • C.the age of the sediment itself
  • D.the volume of ice and the temperature

Answer: D

Correct answer: the volume of ice and the temperature

The oxygen isotope ratio in foraminiferal carbonate reflects both the temperature at which the shell formed and the isotopic composition of the seawater, which itself depends on how much light isotope is locked up in ice sheets. Separating the two contributions is the central difficulty of the method, and it is usually done by combining the record with an independent temperature proxy.

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