Discussion
Assertion (A): Milankovitch cycles change the distribution of sunlight rather than its total amount.
Reason (R): They alter the timing and latitude of the seasons rather than the mean solar output.
Answer: D
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the reason states the mechanism. Eccentricity, obliquity and precession change the shape of the orbit and the tilt and orientation of the axis, so they redistribute sunlight between latitudes and seasons while leaving the total solar output essentially unchanged. High-latitude summer insolation is the quantity that matters, because it determines whether the previous winter’s snow survives.
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