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Which one of the following is a true combination for Kala-azar disease ?

  • A.Sand fly and Leishmania
  • B.Glossina fly and Trypanosoma
  • C.Mosquito and Plasmodium
  • D.Mosquito and Micro-filarial worm

Answer: A

The true combination is sand fly and Leishmania.

Kala-azar, visceral leishmaniasis, is caused by the protozoan Leishmania donovani. It is transmitted by the bite of the female sand fly, Phlebotomus argentipes in India. The parasite multiplies in macrophages of the spleen, liver and bone marrow, causing fever, an enlarged spleen and greyish skin, the 'black fever' of the name.

The tsetse fly (Glossina) and Trypanosoma cause African sleeping sickness. Mosquitoes and Plasmodium cause malaria, and mosquitoes and microfilarial worms cause lymphatic filariasis.

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