Discussion
Rabi's income is 25% more than the income of Madhu. What per cent is Madhu's income less than that of Rabi ?
Answer: C
Madhu's income is 20% less than Rabi's.
Take Madhu's income as 100. Rabi earns 25% more, so 125. The gap is 25, but it must be measured as a percentage of Rabi's income, since the question compares Madhu with Rabi:
\[ \frac{25}{125} \times 100 = 20\% \]
The trap is to answer 25%, which takes the gap as a share of Madhu's income. When one amount is \(r\%\) more than another, the second is \(\frac{r}{100 + r} \times 100\%\) less than the first.
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