Discussion
A survey for a certain year found that 90% of pregnant women received medical care at least once before giving birth. Of these women, 60% received medical care from doctors, while 40% received medical care from other healthcare providers.
Given this information, which one of the following statements can be inferred with certainty?
Answer: A
The certain inference is that more than half of the pregnant women received medical care at least once from a doctor.
90% of all the women received care at least once, and 60% of those received it from doctors. As a share of all pregnant women:
\[ 0.90 \times 0.60 = 0.54 = 54\% \]
54% is more than half, so the opposite statement ('less than half') is false. The two 'at most once' options cannot be inferred either way: the survey only says each woman received care at least once, and gives no information on how many times anyone saw a doctor.
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