Discussion
A customer relaxes the takeoff field length requirement but shortens the required landing distance.
What is the likely net effect on wing area?
Answer: D
Correct answer: It increases, as landing now binds lower
The landing constraint is what sets the maximum wing loading, and shortening the required landing distance moves that vertical line to the left. A lower permitted wing loading means a larger wing for the same weight, so the wing area increases.
Relaxing the takeoff requirement lowers the takeoff line, which reduces the thrust needed but does nothing to the maximum wing loading - the takeoff constraint bounds the diagram from below, not from the right. So the two changes act on different quantities: one buys smaller engines, the other forces a bigger wing.
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