Discussion
Assertion (A): Second segment climb frequently sizes the engines of a twin-engine transport.
Reason (R): The gradient must be met on the remaining engine after a failure at takeoff.
Select the correct answer from the options below.
Answer: C
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both statements are true and the reason explains the assertion. The certification gradient of 2.4 per cent must be met on the remaining engine after a failure at takeoff, so a twin must install about twice the thrust that requirement implies - roughly \( 0.21 \) where the surviving engine must deliver about \( 0.107 \).
That doubling frequently pushes the second segment line above the cruise and takeoff lines, making it the constraint that sizes the engines. A twin consequently cruises with more thrust available than it needs, an inefficiency imposed by the engine-out case.
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