Discussion
A student concludes that raising wing loading always improves an aircraft. This is
Answer: B
Correct answer: Wrong: field performance worsens
Raising wing loading is not an unqualified improvement. It gives a smaller, lighter wing with less wetted area and often a better ride in turbulence, but it also raises the stalling speed as \( \sqrt{W/S} \), and with it the takeoff and landing distances - landing distance scaling roughly with the square of the approach speed.
That is exactly why the landing constraint is a vertical line bounding the diagram from the right: it marks the point beyond which better cruise efficiency would cost unacceptable field performance. The trade applies to fighters and transports alike.
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