Discussion
Assertion (A): The heavy residue is distilled under vacuum rather than at atmospheric pressure.
Reason (R): At the temperature needed to boil it at atmospheric pressure the oil would crack thermally.
Answer: D
Both are true and the reason gives the constraint: reducing the pressure lowers the boiling point enough that the separation can be made without decomposing the material being separated. Vacuum residue is the bottom product of that tower.
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