Discussion
Which part of a glass electrode responds to hydrogen ion activity?
Answer: B
Ion exchange between solution hydrogen ions and alkali metal ions in the swollen gel layer a few tens of nanometres thick on each face of the glass is what generates the potential. This is why a new electrode must be soaked before use and why one allowed to dry out responds sluggishly until rehydrated. The internal silver wire and its filling solution form a fixed reference half cell, and the ceramic junction belongs to the reference electrode and is a source of error rather than of signal.
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