Discussion
The mercury-in-glass thermometers mentioned in the Pharmacopoeia of India have their column above the liquid filled with -
Answer: B
The column above the liquid is filled with nitrogen.
The pharmacopoeial thermometers used, for example, in melting-point determination are mercury-in-glass instruments in which the space above the mercury is filled with an inert gas, nitrogen. The gas pressure stops the mercury thread from separating and the mercury from vaporising at high temperatures, and an inert gas does not react with it.
Oxygen would oxidise the mercury. Carbon dioxide and helium are not the gases the pharmacopoeia specifies.
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