Discussion
The bandwidth of a phase-modulated signal, by the same Carson-type rule, is
Answer: A
Substituting the equivalent deviation \( \beta_p f_m \) into Carson's rule gives \( B = 2f_m(1+\beta_p) \). Twice the index has the wrong units, an index being dimensionless. Twice the message frequency is the narrowband limit, valid only for a small index. And the product of index and message frequency is the equivalent frequency deviation rather than the bandwidth. Note that PM bandwidth is proportional to message frequency, so a higher note widens the spectrum in direct proportion.
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