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Match each parameter with the scheme whose index it defines.

List I

A. Peak phase deviation in radians

B. Deviation over message frequency

C. Message over carrier amplitude

List II

P. Amplitude modulation

Q. Frequency modulation

R. Phase modulation

Select the correct match.

  • A.A-P, B-Q, C-R
  • B.A-R, B-Q, C-P
  • C.A-Q, B-R, C-P
  • D.A-R, B-P, C-Q

Answer: B

Radians of phase define the PM index, deviation over message frequency the FM index, and the amplitude ratio the AM index, so A-R, B-Q, C-P. Laying the three definitions side by side is the fastest way to avoid mixing them, and it shows why only the FM index carries a frequency dependence. The alternatives each swap two of the three, which is precisely the error the mapping exists to prevent.

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