Discussion
What happens to a PM signal if the message contains a direct-current component?
Answer: D
A constant message gives a constant phase offset, which is unobservable at the receiver and therefore carries no information - one practical reason PM is not used where a message's mean value matters. In FM by contrast a constant message gives a permanent frequency offset, which is why FM cannot tolerate a direct component either, but for a different reason. The index stays finite and the envelope stays constant. Working one numerical case through both schemes side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.
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