Discussion
An engineer measures an angle-modulated transmitter and finds its occupied bandwidth doubles when the test tone frequency doubles, the tone amplitude being unchanged.
Which scheme is it?
Answer: C
Strict proportionality between bandwidth and message frequency identifies phase modulation, whose index is frequency-independent so that the whole Carson expression scales. FM would widen only through the additive term, roughly from 24 to 28 kHz in a typical case rather than doubling. AM's bandwidth doubles too, but AM is not an angle modulation and would fail the constant-envelope test. And SSB would simply follow the message bandwidth. The measurement is a clean diagnostic.
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