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Consider the following statements about phase modulation.

1. Its index is the peak phase deviation in radians

2. Its detector output noise is flat with frequency

3. Its bandwidth is independent of the message frequency

Which of the statements given above is or are correct?

  • A.2 and 3 only
  • B.1, 2 and 3
  • C.1 and 2 only
  • D.1 and 3 only

Answer: C

The first two are correct. The third is wrong, and instructively so: it is the index that is independent of message frequency, while the bandwidth is directly proportional to it. Conflating the two is the commonest error on the topic, because the independence of the index is so often quoted without the consequence being drawn. Working one numerical example at two message frequencies fixes it permanently.

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