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What is the relationship between pre-emphasis and differentiation?

  • A.Pre-emphasis is exact integration
  • B.Pre-emphasis inverts the phase of the message
  • C.Pre-emphasis approximates differentiation over part of the band
  • D.They are unrelated operations

Answer: C

A first-order boost rises at six decibels per octave above its turnover frequency, which is the frequency response of a differentiator, so pre-emphasis differentiates the upper part of the audio band and leaves the lower part alone. That partial differentiation is why pre-emphasised FM sits between plain FM and PM in behaviour. It is certainly not integration, and it does not invert phase. Seeing shaping networks as approximate calculus operations makes their effect on modulation easy to predict.

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